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Les murs de soutènement

Ordre des ingénieurs du Québec

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Per the OIQ, height alone does not decide: a wall holding back soil falls under the Engineers Act if its design needs a study of its materials, depending on its function, the soil and loads above and below.
The OIQ lists the factors that make an engineer necessary: function, height, soil, erosion or slide risk, load above and loads below the wall.
The OIQ counts the load above the wall among the factors that require an engineer; municipal thresholds do not replace the Act.
The OIQ counts erosion or slide risk among the factors.
The OIQ counts the soil type among the factors.
The OIQ counts erosion among the factors that require an engineer.
The OIQ cites tiered walls of about 2 m each built without an engineer among the cases covered by the Act.
OIQ position on retaining walls.
When an engineer is required.
The OIQ points out that height alone does not decide, but a retaining wall carries soil load.
For the OIQ, height alone does not decide whether a retaining wall needs an engineer: the slope above, the soil, the surcharge and the slide risk count too.